| 关键词: expect ssh 192.168 password weiqiong 60.110 send scp root pppppp |
要交互的脚本(talk.sh)如下: #!/bin/bash echo "Who are you?" read who echo "Hello,$who" echo "Are you happy?" read answer echo "why?" read answer 实现自动应答的脚本auto.sh如下: #!/bin/bash expect<<- END spawn ./talk.sh expect "who" send "firefly\n" expect "happy?" send "Yes,I am happy.\n" expect "why?" send "Because it worked!\n" expect eof exit END 执行auto.sh后可以看到自动交互如下: spawn ./talk.sh Who are you? firefly Hello,firefly Are you happy? Yes,I am happy. why? Because it worked! 目前只用到了expect最基本的用法,不过对用脚本实现自动化已经很有用了 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- expect 实现su root: #!/usr/bin/expect #created by neilzhao of linpus corp. set passwd 111111 spawn su expect "Password:" send "$passwd\n" interact 自动ssh登录的几种方法 自动ssh登录的几种方法 1. 自动ssh/scp方法== A为本地主机(即用于控制其他主机的机器) ; B为远程主机(即被控制的机器Server), 假如ip为192.168.60.110; A和B的系统都是Linux 在A上运行命令: # ssh-keygen -t rsa (连续三次回车,即在本地生成了公钥和私钥,不设置密码) # ssh [email protected] "mkdir .ssh" (需要输入密码) # scp ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub [email protected]:.ssh/id_rsa.pub (需要输入密码) 在B上的命令: # touch /root/.ssh/authorized_keys (如果已经存在这个文件, 跳过这条) # cat /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub >> /root/.ssh/authorized_keys (将id_rsa.pub的内容追加到authorized_keys 中) 回到A机器: # ssh [email protected] (不需要密码, 登录成功) 2. 控制n个机器如上所述自动登录 那就需要n对钥匙(密钥和公钥), ssh-keygen 命令可以随意更改钥匙对的名字, 比如: # ssh-keygen -t rsa Generating public/private rsa key pair. Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): /root/.ssh/id_rsa_192.168.60.110 这样私钥和公钥的名字分别就是: id_rsa_192.168.60.110和 id_rsa_192.168.60.110.pub;然后将 id_rsa_192.168.60.110.pub 文件的内容, 追加到sever的 ~/.ssh/authorized_keys文件中,最后, 在本地用ssh命令的 -i 参数指定本地密钥, 并登录: # ssh -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa_192.168.60.110 [email protected] scp也是一样的 # scp -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa_192.168.60.110 filename [email protected]:/home/someone 在文件.bashrc中加下两行,每次做同样的操作就不用敲入这样长的命令了: alias sshcell='ssh -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa_192.168.60.110 [email protected]' alias scpcell='scp -i /root/.ssh/id_rsa_192.168.60.110 filename [email protected]:/home/someone' 这样,直接键入一下指令实现ssh和scp自动登录: # sshcell # scpcell 3. 自动ssh/scp脚本 如果需要从A,到B,然后才能够到C,那么需要ssh和scp两次,是比较麻烦的。 ssh自动登录: #!/usr/bin/expect -f set timeout 30 spawn ssh weiqiong@B expect "password:" send "pppppp\r" expect "]*" send "ssh weiqiong@C\r" expect "password:" send "pppppp\r" interact scp从A拷贝文件到C: #!/usr/bin/expect -f set timeout 300 set file [lindex $argv 0] spawn scp $file weiqiong@B:/home/weiqiong expect "password:" send "pppppp\r" expect "]*" spawn ssh weiqiong@B expect "password:" send "pppppp\r" expect "]*" send "scp $file weiqiong@C:/home/weiqiong\r" expect "password:" send "pppppp\r" expect "]*" exit interact scp从C拷贝文件到A: #!/usr/bin/expect -f set timeout 300 set file [lindex $argv 0] spawn ssh weiqiong@B expect "password:" send "pppppp\r" expect "]*" send "scp weiqiong@C:/home/weiqiong/$file .\r" expect "password:" send "pppppp\r" expect "]*" send "exit\r" expect "]*" spawn scp weiqiong@B:/home/weiqiong/$file . expect "password:" send "pppppp\r" interact 4. 建立ssh/scp通道 比如说我的机器是A,中间服务器为B,目标服务器是C<br> 从A可以ssh到B,从B可以ssh到C,但是A不能直接ssh到C<br> 现在展示利用ssh通道技术从A直接传输文件到C<br> 1. ssh -L1234:C:22 userid@B<br> input B's password<br> (1234是本机A的空闲端口,该指令需要A机器上的root用户权限,实际上是在本机1234端口建立了一个通道)<br> 2. 打开一个新的console,键入:<br> scp -P1234 filename userid@localhost:<br> input C's password =================================================================== 自已写的rsync 自动应答脚本 rsyncconf.sh #!/bin/bash rsync -av [email protected]:/目录/ /目录 autobk.sh #!/bin/bash expect<<-END spawn ./rsyncconf.sh expect "[email protected]'s password:" send "password\n" expect eof exit END |
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