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| 关键词： nbsp mysql user character local usr set bin buffer root |
mysql安装很大一部分参考了田逸写的《互联网运营智慧》，感谢田老师写这么好的书。 环境：centos5.5 i386 +mysql 5.1.55 tar -zxvf mysql-5.1.55.tar.gz cd mysql-5.1.55 groupadd mysql useradd mysql -g mysql mysql安装在/usr/local/mysql目录下 数据放在/data/mysql_db 下 增加utf8，gbk支持 以线程模式运行 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --localstatedir=/data/mysql_db --with-extra-charsets=utf8,gb2312,gbk --with-pthread --enable-thread-safe-client make make install cd /usr/local/mysql chown -R mysql . chgrp -R mysql . 初始化数据库 bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql chown -R root . cp support-files/my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf（到mysql编译目录执行） echo /usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql/lib 》/etc/ld.so.conf ldconfig /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &（启动mysql） ps -ef|grep mysql 更改mysql root密码为mysql /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password mysql /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p 添加mysql开机自启动 echo "/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql &" 》/etc/rc.d/rc.local 停止方法：/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p shutdown mysql默认安装后不允许远程访问，更改如下 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql use mysql; select user,host from user; delete from user where user=""; select user,host from user; delete from user where user="root" and host="127.0.0.1"; select user,host from user; update user set host="%" where user="root"; 更改mysql root密码为mysql update user set password=password（"mysql"） where user="root"; select user,host from user; 直到只有root， host为"%"一条记录为止。否则继续delete from user where…… flush privileges; 修改mysql某些默认选项： [root@server mysql-5.1.55]# more /etc/my.cnf |sed -n '/^#/!p' [client] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock default-character-set=utf8 （需要增加） [mysqld] port = 3306 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock skip-locking key_buffer_size = 256M max_allowed_packet = 1M table_open_cache = 256 sort_buffer_size = 1M read_buffer_size = 1M read_rnd_buffer_size = 4M myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M thread_cache_size = 8 query_cache_size= 16M default-character-set=utf8 （需要增加） init_connect='SET NAMES utf8' （需要增加） max_connections=1000 （需要增加） ft_min_word_len=1 （需要增加） thread_concurrency = 8 log-bin=mysql-bin expire_logs_days= 7 （需要增加） binlog_format=mixed server-id = 1 [mysqldump] quick max_allowed_packet = 16M [mysql] no-auto-rehash [myisamchk] key_buffer_size = 128M sort_buffer_size = 128M read_buffer = 2M write_buffer = 2M [mysqlhotcopy] interactive-timeout 变更更改并查看 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p shutdown /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p show variables like "character_set_%"; mysql> show variables like "character_set_%"; +--------------------------+----------------------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+----------------------------------------+ | character_set_client | utf8 | | character_set_connection | utf8 | | character_set_database | utf8 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | utf8 | | character_set_server | utf8 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/charsets/ | +--------------------------+----------------------------------------+ 8 rows in set （0.00 sec） 2 完全备份脚本编写： 每天对每个数据库都进行完全备份，备份成单个文件。备份到/data/mysqlback/执行脚本的日期/下，名称为：数据库名称。sql #!/bin/bash #mysql_back.sh:backup mysql databases riqi=$（date +'%Y%m%d'） mysql=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql mysqldump=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump backdir=/data/mysqlback mkdir -p /data/mysqlback/$riqi #show all database all_db="$（$mysql -uroot -pmysql -Bse 'show databases'|grep -v information_schema）" for db in $all_db do $mysqldump -uroot -pmysql $db --default-character-set=utf8 >$backdir/$riqi/$db.sql done echo "backup finished" 增加计划任务，每天凌晨三点对数据库进行完全备份。 crontab -e 0 3 * * * sh /data/myscripts/mysql_back.sh |
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