首先查看当前开启的服务有哪些：
默认只需要开通下面5个必要服务即可： sshd |sysstat|crond|network|rsyslog
首先查看当前自启动的服务有哪些。由于工作环境基本上使用文本模式3级别，只需要查找3级别上开启的服务即可。
命令如下： [root@nfs ~]# LANG=en (先调整成英文字符集，以方便过滤字符串)
[root@nfs ~]# chkconfig --list |grep 3:on （查看3级别下所有自启动的服务） abrt-ccpp 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:off 5:on 6:off abrtd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:off 5:on 6:off acpid 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off atd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off auditd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off blk-availability 0:off 1:on 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off cpuspeed 0:off 1:on 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off crond 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off haldaemon 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off ip6tables 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off irqbalance 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off lvm2-monitor 0:off 1:on 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off mdmonitor 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off messagebus 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off netfs 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off network 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off nfs 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:off 5:off 6:off nfslock 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off postfix 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off rpcgssd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off rsyslog 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off sshd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:off 5:off 6:off sysstat 0:off 1:on 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off udev-post 0:off 1:on 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
处理思路：
1.先关闭所有服务，再开启需要保留的（默认只需要开通5个必要服务即可。） 操作过程： [root@nfs ~]# chkconfig --list |grep 3:on |awk '{print "chkconfig",$1,"off"}' |bash （关闭所有自启动的服务） [root@nfs ~]# chkconfig --list （查看是否所有的自服务是否都关闭了） abrt-ccpp 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off abrtd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off acpid 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off atd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off auditd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off blk-availability 0:off 1:on 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off cpuspeed 0:off 1:on 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off crond 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off haldaemon 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off ip6tables 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off iptables 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:off 4:on 5:on 6:off irqbalance 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off kdump 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:on 5:on 6:off lvm2-monitor 0:off 1:on 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off mdmonitor 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off messagebus 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off netconsole 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off netfs 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off network 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off nfs 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off nfs-rdma 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off nfslock 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off ntpd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off ntpdate 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off postfix 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off psacct 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off quota_nld 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off rdisc 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off rdma 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off restorecond 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off rngd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off rpcbind 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off rpcgssd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off rpcsvcgssd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off rsyslog 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off saslauthd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off smartd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off sshd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off svnserve 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off sysstat 0:off 1:on 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off udev-post 0:off 1:on 2:off 3:off 4:off 5:off 6:off
然后再执行一条命令去开启需要自启动的5个服务： [root@nfs ~]# chkconfig --list |grep 3:off|egrep "sshd|sysstat|crond|network|rsyslog" |awk '{print "chkconfig",$1,"on"}'|bash （关闭所有自服务之后开启需要自启动的5个服务）
[root@nfs ~]# chkconfig --list |grep 3:on （查询设置情况并看是否只保留了我们需要的5个自启动服务） crond 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off network 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off rsyslog 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off sshd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off sysstat 0:off 1:on 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
2. 关掉不需要的，因为我们需要的服务默认都是开启的。 操作过程： [root@nfs ~]# chkconfig --list |grep 3:on|egrep -v "sshd|sysstat|crond|network|rsyslog"|awk '{print "chkconfig",$1,"off"}'|bash （一条命令排除我们需要保留的5个自启动服务并关闭其他服务）
[root@nfs ~]# chkconfig --list |grep 3:on （查询设置情况并看是否只保留了我们需要的5个自启动服务） crond 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off network 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off rsyslog 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off sshd 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:off 5:off 6:off sysstat 0:off 1:on 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
相对来说第2个方法更简单一点。大家可以根据需要灵活使用。
设置自启动服务也可以通过setup和ntsysv来处理。 本文出自 “David哥Linux运维学习” 博客，请务必保留此出处http://davidge.blog.51cto.com/148442/1928714 | 
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