Linux虚拟机Virtual Box的安装和操作系统CentOS的安装教程

2018-1-22 12:44 |来自: 互联网 6530 0

摘要: 操作系统和虚拟机的选择操作系统的选择redhat商用版：red hat enterprise linux，即RHEL，主攻服务器，不打桌面操作。适合商用Fedora : redhat的另一个分支，即民用社区版，免费。适用于学生学习CentOS: 社区企业操 ...

操作系统和虚拟机的选择

操作系统的选择

redhat商用版：red hat enterprise linux，即RHEL，主攻服务器，不打桌面操作。适合商用

Fedora : redhat的另一个分支，即民用社区版，免费。适用于学生学习

CentOS: 社区企业操作系统 (Community Enterprise Operating System)，是RHEL的clone，但不是100%兼容。目前在国内各大互联网公司应用较广，适用于商用、深入学习

SuSE：在国外比较流行，但国内相对较少，系统稳定可靠。适用于商用Ubuntu: 主打桌面版，是Linux系统下游戏娱乐首选，适用于游戏娱乐用

我们的最终选择CentOS，版本6.9

虚拟机的选择

VMware：老牌、功能齐全、闭源、收费、安装文件大、资源占用大

Virtual Box : 简单易用、主要功能支持、开源、免费、安装文件小、轻资源占用、流畅性好

Virtual PC : 微软自win7主推、社区资源较少、硬件虚拟化、性能更强大

我们的选择是Virtual Box,

操作系统和虚拟机的安装

Virtual Box的安装很简单，基本是下一步下一步

操作系统的安装

1.1新建虚拟电脑 for centos6.x

1.2 内存设定

一般1-2G即可，本机小则设置成1G，若本机内存充足，则建议设置成2G

1.3 创建虚拟磁盘

按默认8G分配即可

1.4 磁盘文件类型选择

因为主要用于熟悉linux环境和基本命令操作，故选择默认即可

1.5 磁盘分配类型选择

视本机实际碰盘情况选择，如果磁盘本身充足或者配置较低，建议选择固定大小。如果磁盘本身紧张或者配置较高，建议动态分配。一般建议动态分配。

1.6 虚拟碰盘目录选择

选择自己本机合适的目录即可，空间够之前的8G大小设定为宜。

到此，第一阶段配置成完成，第二阶段为启动安装前的配置阶段。

2.1配置光盘启动为第一顺序

打开设置，进入系统菜单，看到现状

2.2配置光盘的镜像，指向我们的镜像文件

点击属性右侧的小光盘

2.3配置网络链接方式为NAT，方便后续系统安装过程中的一些联网操作

第2阶段配置完成，双击左侧的虚拟机名字，进入第3阶段-安装。

3.1 双击左侧虚拟机名字，进入正式安装(不用做任何操作，10s后进入自动安装即可)

3.2 进入自动安装模式的安装界面

3.3再安装界面将光盘系统安装到硬盘

3.4点击next继续与语言选择

3.5键盘习惯选择

3.6 驱动器类型选择

3.7覆盖或删除掉之前的虚拟碰盘指定的路径下的所有数据

选择yes，discard any data

3.8 hostname设置

3.9时区选择-中国/上海

3.10设置root的用户名和密码

3.11选择替换或删除之前的数据文件

确定写入数据即可

3.12选择write changes to disk

3.13数据正在拷贝中,坐等进度条完成

3.14安装完成，即将重启

点击界面的close就行

从界面中关闭系统，便于后边更改系统启动顺序

第3阶段配置完成，进入第4阶段-使用前的配置。

4.1调整系统启动加载介质的顺序，将硬盘放在第一，将光盘置在第二。（此时的系统已安装到硬盘中）

4.2双击左侧虚拟机图标再次启动系统，进入正式使用前的基本配置

用root帐户登陆后修改初始化模式，将5=x11桌面版改成3=多用户命令行模式

第4阶段结束，可以正式使用了

用之前设置的root用户名和密码登陆

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