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【转载】iOS开发中的这些权限？

2018-3-30 13:00 |来自: 互联网 293 0

摘要: 写在前面 APP开发避免不开系统权限的问题，如何在APP以更加友好的方式向用户展示系统权限，似乎也是开发过程中值得深思的一件事；那如何提高APP获取iOS系统权限的通过率呢？有以下几种方式:1.在用户打开APP时就向 ...

写在前面

APP开发避免不开系统权限的问题，如何在APP以更加友好的方式向用户展示系统权限，似乎也是开发过程中值得深思的一件事；
那如何提高APP获取iOS系统权限的通过率呢？有以下几种方式:1.在用户打开APP时就向用户请求权限；2.告知用户授权权限后能够获得好处之后，再向用户请求权限；3.在绝对必要的情况下才向用户请求权限，例如：用户访问照片库时请求访问系统相册权限；4.在展示系统权限的对话框前，先向用户显示自定义的对话框，若用户选择不允许，默认无操作，若用户选择允许，再展示系统对话框。
上述情况在开发过程中是经常遇到的，不同方式的选择会影响最后用户交互体验。这一点感悟正是源于上一周工作遇到的问题：适配iOS10，如何获取应用联网权限用以管理系统对话框的显示管理。当我把这个问题解决后，感觉有必要将常用的iOS系统权限做一个总结，以便后用。

权限分类

联网权限
相册权限
相机、麦克风权限
定位权限
推送权限
通讯录权限
日历、备忘录权限

联网权限

引入头文件@import CoreTelephony;

应用启动后，检测应用中是否有联网权限

CTCellularData *cellularData = [[CTCellularData alloc]init];
cellularData.cellularDataRestrictionDidUpdateNotifier = ^(CTCellularDataRestrictedState state){ //获取联网状态
 switch (state) {   case kCTCellularDataRestricted:     NSLog(@"Restricrted");     break;   case kCTCellularDataNotRestricted:     NSLog(@"Not Restricted");     break;   case kCTCellularDataRestrictedStateUnknown:     NSLog(@"Unknown");     break;   default:     break;
 };
};

查询应用是否有联网功能

CTCellularData *cellularData = [[CTCellularData alloc]init];CTCellularDataRestrictedState state = cellularData.restrictedState; switch (state) { case kCTCellularDataRestricted:   NSLog(@"Restricrted");   break; case kCTCellularDataNotRestricted:   NSLog(@"Not Restricted");   break; case kCTCellularDataRestrictedStateUnknown:   NSLog(@"Unknown");   break; default:   break;
}

相册权限--iOS 9.0之前

导入头文件@import AssetsLibrary;

检查是否有相册权限

 ALAuthorizationStatus status = [ALAssetsLibrary authorizationStatus];switch (status) { case ALAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
   NSLog(@"Authorized");   break; case ALAuthorizationStatusDenied:
   NSLog(@"Denied");   break; case ALAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
   NSLog(@"not Determined");   break; case ALAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
   NSLog(@"Restricted");   break; default:   break;
}

相册权限--iOS 8.0之后

导入头文件@import Photos;

检查是否有相册权限

PHAuthorizationStatus photoAuthorStatus = [PHPhotoLibrary authorizationStatus];switch (photoAuthorStatus) { case PHAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
   NSLog(@"Authorized");   break; case PHAuthorizationStatusDenied:
   NSLog(@"Denied");   break; case PHAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
   NSLog(@"not Determined");   break; case PHAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
   NSLog(@"Restricted");   break; default:   break;
}

![Uploading 144446-b8aca7ba38c5f8c0_695906.png . . .]获取相册权限

 [PHPhotoLibrary requestAuthorization:^(PHAuthorizationStatus status) {
 if (status == PHAuthorizationStatusAuthorized) {
   NSLog(@"Authorized");
 }else{
   NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
 }
 }];

相机和麦克风权限

导入头文件@import AVFoundation;

检查是否有相机或麦克风权限

AVAuthorizationStatus AVstatus = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo];//相机权限AVAuthorizationStatus AVstatus = [AVCaptureDevice authorizationStatusForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio];//麦克风权限switch (AVstatus) { case AVAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:   NSLog(@"Authorized");   break; case AVAuthorizationStatusDenied:   NSLog(@"Denied");   break; case AVAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:   NSLog(@"not Determined");   break; case AVAuthorizationStatusRestricted:   NSLog(@"Restricted");   break; default:   break;
}

获取相机或麦克风权限

[AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {//相机权限
 if (granted) {
   NSLog(@"Authorized");
 }else{
   NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
 }
}];[AVCaptureDevice requestAccessForMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio completionHandler:^(BOOL granted) {//麦克风权限
 if (granted) {
   NSLog(@"Authorized");
 }else{
   NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
 }
}];

定位权限

导入头文件@import CoreLocation;
由于iOS8.0之后定位方法的改变，需要在info.plist中进行配置；

配置文件

检查是否有定位权限

 BOOL isLocation = [CLLocationManager locationServicesEnabled];if (!isLocation) { NSLog(@"not turn on the location");
}CLAuthorizationStatus CLstatus = [CLLocationManager authorizationStatus];switch (CLstatus) { case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedAlways:   NSLog(@"Always Authorized");   break; case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedWhenInUse:   NSLog(@"AuthorizedWhenInUse");   break; case kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied:   NSLog(@"Denied");   break; case kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:   NSLog(@"not Determined");   break; case kCLAuthorizationStatusRestricted:   NSLog(@"Restricted");   break; default:   break;
}

获取定位权限

CLLocationManager *manager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init];[manager requestAlwaysAuthorization];//一直获取定位信息[manager requestWhenInUseAuthorization];//使用的时候获取定位信息

在代理方法中查看权限是否改变

- (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didChangeAuthorizationStatus:(CLAuthorizationStatus)status{ switch (status) { case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedAlways:   NSLog(@"Always Authorized");   break; case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedWhenInUse:   NSLog(@"AuthorizedWhenInUse");   break; case kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied:   NSLog(@"Denied");   break; case kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:   NSLog(@"not Determined");   break; case kCLAuthorizationStatusRestricted:   NSLog(@"Restricted");   break; default:   break;
 }

}

推送权限

检查是否有通讯权限

 UIUserNotificationSettings *settings = [[UIApplication sharedApplication] currentUserNotificationSettings];switch (settings.types) { case UIUserNotificationTypeNone:   NSLog(@"None");   break; case UIUserNotificationTypeAlert:   NSLog(@"Alert Notification");   break; case UIUserNotificationTypeBadge:   NSLog(@"Badge Notification");   break; case UIUserNotificationTypeSound:   NSLog(@"sound Notification'");   break; default:   break;
}

获取推送权限

UIUserNotificationSettings *setting = [UIUserNotificationSettings settingsForTypes:UIUserNotificationTypeSound | UIUserNotificationTypeAlert | UIUserNotificationTypeBadge categories:nil];
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] registerUserNotificationSettings:setting];

通讯录权限

iOS9.0之前

导入头文件@import AddressBook;

检查是否有通讯录权限

 ABAuthorizationStatus ABstatus = ABAddressBookGetAuthorizationStatus();switch (ABstatus) { case kABAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
   NSLog(@"Authorized");   break; case kABAuthorizationStatusDenied:
   NSLog(@"Denied'");   break; case kABAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
   NSLog(@"not Determined");   break; case kABAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
   NSLog(@"Restricted");   break; default:   break;
}

获取通讯录权限

ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreateWithOptions(NULL, NULL);ABAddressBookRequestAccessWithCompletion(addressBook, ^(bool granted, CFErrorRef error) {
 if (granted) {
   NSLog(@"Authorized");
   CFRelease(addressBook);
 }else{
   NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
 }
});

iOS9.0及以后

导入头文件@import Contacts;
检查是否有通讯录权限

CNAuthorizationStatus status = [CNContactStore authorizationStatusForEntityType:CNEntityTypeContacts]; switch (status) {    case CNAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
    {      NSLog(@"Authorized:");
    }      break;    case CNAuthorizationStatusDenied:{      NSLog(@"Denied");
    }      break;    case CNAuthorizationStatusRestricted:{      NSLog(@"Restricted");
    }      break;    case CNAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:{       NSLog(@"NotDetermined");
    }      break;

    }

获取通讯录权限

CNContactStore *contactStore = [[CNContactStore alloc] init];
  [contactStore requestAccessForEntityType:CNEntityTypeContacts completionHandler:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) {    if (granted) {      NSLog(@"Authorized");

    }else{      NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
    }
  }];

日历、备忘录权限

导入头文件

检查是否有日历或者备忘录权限

 typedef NS_ENUM(NSUInteger, EKEntityType) { EKEntityTypeEvent,//日历 EKEntityTypeReminder //备忘
 };

EKAuthorizationStatus EKstatus = [EKEventStore authorizationStatusForEntityType:EKEntityTypeEvent];switch (EKstatus) { case EKAuthorizationStatusAuthorized:
   NSLog(@"Authorized");   break; case EKAuthorizationStatusDenied:
   NSLog(@"Denied'");   break; case EKAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
   NSLog(@"not Determined");   break; case EKAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
   NSLog(@"Restricted");   break; default:
   break;
}

获取日历或备忘录权限

EKEventStore *store = [[EKEventStore alloc]init];
[store requestAccessToEntityType:EKEntityTypeEvent completion:^(BOOL granted, NSError * _Nullable error) { if (granted) {   NSLog(@"Authorized");
 }else{   NSLog(@"Denied or Restricted");
 }
}];

最后一点

素有获取权限的方法，多用于用户第一次操作应用，iOS 8.0之后，将这些设置都整合在一起，并且可以开启或关闭相应的权限。所有的权限都可以通过下面的方法打开：
```
[[UIApplication sharedApplication] openURL:[NSURL URLWithString:UIApplicationOpenSettingsUR
```

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